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$4B Needed from Bill Gates & al-Waleed bin Talal to Reduce Poverty Worldwide

Hasan A. Yahya, Ph.Ds

 They say in traditional cultures proverbs: “The blind man needs a basket full of eyes.” Meaning, a needy person needs help in any way possible. The poor nations have millions of poor districts without electricity, water, and usable lands to survive. And may other districts lack management of using these resources. In this article, I want to ask two billionaires, namely Bill Gates and al-Waleed bin Talal [others are not excluded] to give attention to this idea: In short to electrify the poor countries where poor families have no generators, and live on candles, kerosene lamps, and firewood. And where energy poverty constitutes a small slice of the poverty pie, probably about 5% if measured by annual expenditure by the poor on their most pressing needs.

 While rich landlords and big companies in Africa, Asia and Latin America seem to get most of their electricity from generators, or from building their own power plants,  millions of poor communities around the world do not have even the least power of electricity. In much of Africa, for example, blackouts force shops to close early, schools to cancel classes, and hospitals to turn away patients. In India and Nigeria, one of the many hurdles to generating more energy is the protests that often stall construction of power plants and hydroelectric dams to protect local communities from government and corporate land grabs and potential ecological hazards  by global environmental groups. In Pakistan, massive power shortfalls are a result of years of neglect, Power stations are outdated, more and more electricity is being hijacked from power lines by ordinary people, and the government is often too preoccupied with the security threats.

 Many Latin American and Asian countries want to avoid legally binding limits on greenhouse gas emissions, blamed for global warming. While their emissions are well below those of the developed world and that such limits would hinder their efforts to lift hundreds of millions of people out of poverty.  even though economic growth would inevitably expand the nations’ carbon footprints as more of the poor gain access to electricity, water supply, air conditioners, refrigerators and automobiles. In South Africa, demand so outstripped supply in late 2007 that a state-owned power company, began rationing, plunging cities into occasional darkness and causing temporary shutdowns in one of the world’s major mining sectors, where mining output send gold and platinum prices to record highs. But who benefit from gold and platinum? Sure, it’s not the poor!

 While some concerned environmentalists see a chance for Asian and African countries to take the lead in developing renewable energy technologies such as solar and wind power, bypassing Western energy models based largely on coal and oil, rich countries like the United States and Europe have had the energy they needed to grow and develop.  Poor countries, however,  burn Billions ($38B) every year in kerosene lighting, and disposable battery use. This means that almost half of all development aid from rich countries is spoiled without return.

 What am I calling is a humanitarian noble cause, to establish independent Non-Profit for profit companies supported by the world billionaires to start projects to help millions  of people to gain access to clean, efficient electricity led by the intelligence and generosity of the two men Gates and al-Waleed, I believe their counselors may explain this idea more so they can contribute in reducing poverty through electrifying poor communities. Especially with the advent  of white LED lighting, which requires less than 1 watt of power to produce useful light, where the entry point to electricity it’s becoming possible in many developing countries where the blind has the basket full of eyes at last, as they say. (635 words) www.hasanyahya.com

About the Author

Hasan A. Yahya is an American Arab scholar, and a professor of sociology. Has a 2Ph.d degrees from MSU. He published 19 Arabic and 8 English books and 200 plus articles on sociology, psychology, politics, poetry, IQ Test Measurement and short stories in both Arabic and English. His articles may be found on articlesbase.com, Face book and other internet sites. His recent book published on Amazon titled: Therapy Cases: Mental and physical, 2008, Lawlaki: Poetry Diwan, and 2000 Bayt Min al-Shi'r al-Arabi. (all in Arabic on amazon- 2009). His recent activities reflects his talents and knowledge on youtube’s Dryahyatv.com Dr. Yahya resides in Michigan, USA. He has four children and eight grandchildren.

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Precious Metals in Jewelry

Precious metals are ideal for creating beautiful jewelry due in part to their resistance to corrosion. Since precious metals have an unreactive and oxidation-resistant nature, they fall into the category of noble metals. Such precious metals with which you may be familiar include gold, silver, and platinum, but palladium, rhodium, iridium, osmium and ruthenium are other precious metals commonly incorporated into jewelry such as diamond rings, eternity rings, promise rings and right hand rings. The system of measurement for the weight of precious metals is troy weight, in which one troy ounce equates to approximately 1.1 standard ounces and twelve ounces make up one troy pound. Precious metals can be combined to form what are known as alloys, often for the purpose of reducing cost or producing a metal sturdier than any one element alone. Here we examine the major precious metals used in the crafting of fine jewelry:

-Gold: The most malleable and ductile of the precious metals, gold can be readily flattened into thin sheets and stretched into thin wire, which makes it a versatile and popular choice for jewelry creation. Gold is often alloyed with other metals for cost reduction and to increase the strength of the final product. In pure form, gold is measured in troy weight, but as an alloy with other metals its weight is measured in karats. For gold, the karat weight specifies the amount of pure gold present, with 24 karat being pure gold and smaller karat weights designating lower percentages of gold and higher proportions of other metals.

-Silver: Second to gold in malleability and ductility, silver is anther precious metal popular for use in jewelry. Silver is also commonly alloyed with other metals to create jewelry, with the popular sterling silver consisting of a combination of 92.5 percent silver with a relatively small 7.5 percent of another metal, typically copper. Being a superior conductor of heat and electricity, silver has numerous applications beyond jewelry making, such as coins, dentistry tools, silverware, film and electronics.

Platinum: Rarer than silver and gold, platinum is a durable precious metal common for eternity rings, engagement rings and wedding bands due to its resilience even with constant use. Iridium, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium and osmium are other precious metals in the Platinum Group of Metals, which occur together naturally. Palladium is the metal often mixed with yellow gold to make white gold, and rodium is used extensively to plate white gold to give it that extra white brightness. The metals in the Platinum Group of Metals are resilient, tarnish resistant and stable, making them popular for use not only in jewelry but also in numerous industrial processes such as crude oil refining and automobile manufacturing.

The end price of jewelry that can be attributed to precious metals depends not just on the pureness and rarity of the metal, but also the craftsperson’s skill level, the intricacy of the piece and labor.

About the Author

About the Author: Ian Maher is the CEO of Maliere, a leading provider of eternity rings, diamond rings, platinum rings and gold rings. For more information, please visit www.Maliere.com.

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